The Influence of Covalence on Capacity Retention in Metal-Substituted Spinels 7Li NMR, SQUID, and Electrochemical Studies

Publication Type

Journal Article

Date Published

09/2002

Authors

DOI

Abstract

Variable-temperature 7Li nuclear magnetic resonance and superconducting quantum interference device (NMR and SQUID) magnetometry have been used to determine the supertransferred hyperfine coupling constant, an indicator of Li-O-Mn bond covalence, for metal-substituted spinels, LiMxMn2xO4 (M=Li, Zn, Al, Cr). The Curie and Weiss constants are reported for all compositions studied. The covalence of the Li-O-Mn bond is observed to increase upon substitution for all substituting metals studied. The greatest enhancement in covalence was achieved by substitution of ions that are similar in size to the Mn3.5+ ion. The covalence values are compared to electrochemical capacity retention of the same compositions when cycled on the 4 V plateau. A positive correlation between the effectiveness of a particular substituent at improving capacity retention and the effectiveness of that substituent at enhancing covalency is observed. The bond covalence for LiCr0.175Mn1.825O4 remains unchanged upon electrochemical cycling, whereas that of LiMn2O4 increases with cycling.

Journal

Journal of The Electrochemical Society

Volume

149

Year of Publication

2002

Organization